Site map of:

                  SRT Overview

     Why v<c always     

     Encryption          NM from SRT

     SRT where why  E=mc2 flawed

        Interval              Rest Mass

        Algebra                E not saved

        SR < > NM            SRT vs. NM E

NM:   Vwrt x=0 = (x´/t) = (x´/I)c

SRT:   vwrt x=0=(x´/t´)=(x´/H)c

NM:   Vwrt* = (H/t) = (c´t)/t = c´

SRT:   vwrt * = (H/t´) = (ct´/t´) = c

     Since the beginning of Special Relativity (SRT),  c ,  the speed of light at 300 meters per microsecond (µs), has been established as the speed which can not be equalled or exceeded by a physical object.  But why is this so?  It will be shown that this limit is related to the SRT mathematics.  

     Assume two objects,  x  and  x´ are moving away from each other at constant speed.  Assign  x  to be the stationary object.  Then, according to SRT,  x´=γ(vt +x) .  Since  x  is in the non-moving reference frame,  x=0  and the equation is simply

x´= γvt

where x´ is the distance  x´  has moved away from x during the time  t  at the SRT speed  v , and the gamma function is

γ = 1 / (1 – (v/c)2)1’2  

     However, there are other forms of this function.  Let us define another variable  

V = γv  

Then

γ2 = 1 / (1 – (V / γc)2)

γ2 – (V/c)2 = 1

Thus     γ = ((V/c)2 + 1)½     also.

     And what is this variable  V  ?   It’s the ratio of  x´ to  t , otherwise known as the speed of Newtonian Mechanics (NM).       Note that

(v/c) = ((V/c) / γ) = (V/c) / ((V/c)2 + 1)½

This formula shows why (v/c)  is always (v/c)<1.0 .   The  γ  divisor is always greater than (V/c) .  In both SRT and NM x´  and  t  can have any values.   For a given time  t ,  as  x´  (and  V )  approaches infinity,  (v/c)  approaches 1.0  but can never reach it.

     Therefore, we can write any problem in either SRT or NM:

x´= γvt = Vt

If two other variables are introduced,  I=ct ,  the distance the light traveled at speed  c  for time  t ,  and t´=γt ,  the Relativistic (‘dilated’) time used for the moving frame, then the following can be written:

x´ = γvt =Vt

= γ(v/c)ct = γ(v/c)I = v(γt) = vt´ = Vt = (V/c)ct = (V/c)I

x´= vt´= (V/γ)(γt) = Vt

     As shown in the line above, if you switch to the  x´= Vt  of NM, you replace three variables,  v ,  γ ,  and  t´ ,  with just one, the  V  of NM.  Also note that  x´/I  and therefore (V/c) can exceed  1.0 ,  meaning that the object actually went farther and therefore faster than the light did during the time  t  although  (v/c) ,  as always, will be less than 1.0.

     A Newtonian Mechanics (NM) description is hereby shown just as accurate and valid at any speed as SRT, makes much more sense, is much easier to understand (tell me what ‘dilated’ time really is), is linear with changes in  x´ ,  t ,  and momentum (P) ,  and has no paradoxes.  SRT is shown to be simply a severe distortion of NM and should be replaced, especially in areas such as General Relativity where it now resides.

Exactly WHY c is the Limiting Speed

for objects in Einstein's Special Relativity

Dr. Sherwood Kaip

El Paso, TX

<skaip799@gmail.com>;   cell: 1 (915) 309-6340

This material may be reproduced if author attribution is given.